Exam Preparation: Ten Study Tips

Preparing for exams? Give yourself the best chance with these top ten study tips.

1. Give yourself enough time to study

Don't leave it until the last minute. While some students do seem to thrive on last-minute 'cramming', it's widely accepted that for most of us, this is not the best way to approach an exam. Set out a timetable for your study. Write down how many exams you have and the days on which you have to sit them. Then organize your study accordingly. You may want to give some exams more study time than others, so find a balance that you feel comfortable with. 

2. Organize your study space

Make sure you have enough space to spread your textbooks and notes out. Have you got enough light? Is your chair comfortable? Are your computer games out of sight?
Try and get rid of all distractions, and make sure you feel as comfortable and able to focus as possible. For some people, this may mean almost complete silence; for others, background music helps. Some of us need everything completely tidy and organized in order to concentrate, while others thrive in a more cluttered environment. Think about what works for you, and take the time to get it right.

3. Use flow charts and diagrams

Visual aids can be really helpful when revising. At the start of a topic, challenge yourself to write down everything you already know about a topic - and then highlight where the gaps lie. Closer to the exam, condense your revision notes into one-page diagrams. Getting your ideas down in this brief format can then help you to quickly recall everything you need to know during the exam.

4. Practice on old exams

One of the most effective ways to prepare for exams is to practice taking past versions. This helps you get used to the format of the questions, and - if you time yourself - can also be good practice for making sure you spend the right amount of time on each section.

5. Explain your answers to others

Parents and little brothers and sisters don't have to be annoying around exam time! Use them to your advantage. Explain an answer to a question to them. That will help you to get it clear in your head, and also to highlight any areas where you need more work.

6. Organize study groups with friends

Get together with friends for a study session. You may have questions that they have the answers to and vice versa. As long as you make sure you stay focused on the topic for an agreed amount of time, this can be one of the most effective ways to challenge yourself.

7. Take regular breaks

While you may think it's best to study for as many hours as possible, this can actually be counterproductive. If you were training for a marathon, you wouldn't try and run 24 hours a day! Likewise studies have shown that for long-term retention of knowledge, taking regular breaks really helps.
Everyone's different, so develop a study routine that works for you. If you study better in the morning, start early before taking a break at lunchtime. Or if you're more productive at nighttime, take a larger break earlier on so you're ready to settle down come evening.
Try not to feel guilty about being out enjoying the sunshine instead of hunched over your textbooks. Remember Vitamin D is important for a healthy brain!

8. Snack on 'brain food'

Keep away from junk food! You may feel like you deserve a treat, or that you don't have time to cook, but what you eat can really have an impact on energy levels and focus. Keep your body and brain well-fuelled by choosing nutritious foods that have been proven to aid concentration and memory, such as fish, nuts, seeds, yogurt and blueberries. The same applies on exam day - eat a good meal before the test, based on foods that will provide a slow release of energy throughout. Sugar may seem appealing, but it won't help when your energy levels crash an hour or so later.

9. Plan your exam day

Make sure you get everything ready well in advance of the exam - don't leave it to the day before to suddenly realize you don't know the way, or what you're supposed to bring. Check all the rules and requirements, and plan your route and journey time. If possible, do a test run of the trip; if not, write down clear directions.
Work out how long it will take to get there - then add on some extra time. You really don't want to arrive having had to run halfway or feeling frazzled from losing your way. You could also make plans to travel to the exam with friends or classmates, as long as you know they're likely to be punctual! 

10. Drink plenty of water

As a final tip, remember that being well hydrated is essential for your brain to work at its best. Make sure you keep drinking plenty of water throughout your revision, and also on the exam day.
Good luck!

Petua mencari jodoh....:)

Spider-Man 2....:)

Fashion

Now a variety of fashion clothing Malaysia and readily available either buy in the supermarket or on line. however, not many people want to know where to get the Muslim fashion clothing. Here, I have done survey to get the Muslim dress.

Here one of the galleries to get Muslim clothing.

 

 Of clothing that can be purchased here is a robe, veil, clothes, and various types of scarves.

          


         
 

    

 so, it'll be easier for us to be fashionable but still under the law of Islam which cover themselves properly. :-)

UUM convocation

 UUM convocation 26th successful. passion for me and my comrade for continue to work and study hard for had reached such a degree that UUM undergraduates others.

 PHD GRADUATES OF GETTING UUM

By: Muhammad Mustakim Ramli
Photo by: Shamsaimi Ezil

UUM ONLINE: Number of graduates of Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM), which received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) at the 25th Convocation Ceremony UUM in 2012 more than doubled compared to the convocation in 2011.

At the first session of the convocation which was held in the morning, a total of 132 graduates received a PhD and 23 graduates received a DBA from last year, only a total of 69 people received a PhD and four people received DBA.

Total increase will strengthen UUM desire to be with Top Management University produce graduates who have a PhD, in accordance with the Pro-Chancellor of UUM speech, Tan Sri Datuk Seri Dr Abdul Hamid Pawanteh on the importance of higher education.

In the speech, he touched on the role played by the Ministry of Higher Education to attract more Malaysians to pursue a doctorate and they should be given incentives in the form of financing.

He said the allocation should be given to Institutions of Higher Learning (IPTA) to finance not only the academic staff to study abroad but also encourage them to continue their studies in the country aggressively.

"This will require a massive mobilization, and it takes time for the business of research is not limited.

"It is believed that if this approach is successful, we will be able to keep thousands of teachers in public and private institutions of higher learning (IPTS) has a PhD and be able to supervise at least three doctoral students at one time,"

he said in his speech at a ceremony in the Hall Mu'adzam Shah morning.

He added that this opportunity should be opened as widely as possible to all employees in the education system up to university but to the community college graduates who have the initiative to improve themselves for the sake of his career and his future.

He said again, much could be achieved when the public and private institutions can strengthen the quality of postgraduate programs.

"When we had a target of 60 per cent of the teaching staff at the university must have a doctoral degree by 2015, we may have to expand the existing approaches.

"In the end is sending as many academic staff in universities abroad and provides financial implications are huge," he added.

In addition, 987 students graduating today, the 407 people in the first session of the morning and 580 people at the second session of the afternoon.

GRADUATE dwarf big heart

By: recommendation of Abdul Rashid

Photo By: Abdul Halim Hussain

UUM ONLINE: The urge parents loved the enthusiasm for him to proceed to graduate with distinction upon graduation Bachelor of last year.

Nurul Akmal Ahmat Latpe, 24, is a graduate of the dwarf got his degree from the Pro-Chancellor, Tan Sri Datuk Seri Dr Abdul Hamid Pawanteh Hall Mu'adzam Shah, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) in conjunction with the 25th Convocation, the university.

Living in Kulim, Kedah graduated Master of Business Administration with distinction earned cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 3.79.

"I never felt I was different compared to the other man. For me, physical factors are not a barrier to success. Encouragement of parents and friends are helping me pursue this, "he said.

The fourth child of six siblings aspire to be a teacher from another school due to a passion for the profession.

"I used to want to be a teacher, I am now determined to become a lecturer for both are noble ambition to educate children to become knowledgeable man," he said.

Nurul Akmal is currently pursuing a 1Malaysia Training Scheme (SL1M) with Petronas was accompanied by his father, Ahmad Latpe Abu Bakar, 58, mother, Sharifah Wan Jusoh, 54, sister and aunt.

UUM Convocation 25 for the third and fourth sessions today saw a total of 1,822 graduates received their degrees.

Tips for Flood Victims

At this time, in all the media we often hear news related to the flood victims. No major international under advice to those experiencing flood conditions .

Advice When Hit by Flooding

1.  Make sure all electrical switches and main switch is turned off to prevent electric shock.   
2. Follow the instructions of the authorities ;
3. Move quickly ( to the point of transfer / other relative's house / height ) as directed by the authorities.
4.  Make sure the house is locked and items stored in the high and safe before doing the transfer.
5. Identify individuals who have special needs such as the chronically ill , disabled , sick , pregnant , and so on to help transfer.
6. Always be alert when driving during monsoon / flood and use safe routes that have been identified. 
7. Do not drive through the water flooding due to fear of heavy vehicles will be washed away by water.
8. If caught in a flood , contact the authorities for help with your position and status reporting.
9. Supervise children and do not let them play in flooded areas or in river / ditch / drain / channel water rapids , and
10. Do not leave home with wade flood waters washed away the water for fear of rain.

 

Advice After the Flood began to recede

•     Wash hands with soap before handling food , preparing food or hold items that have been contaminated by flood waters ;

•     Do not eat food that has been contaminated by flood waters ;

•     Dispose of food left in the container / refrigerator that was contaminated by flood waters or which have been smelling and discolored ;

•     Use clean water to wash food containers , bathing , preparing meals or preparing infant formula ;

•     If bumped raptor / stinging , contact the authorities for assistance ;

•     Make sure all electrical sources and is not exposed to water before turning on the main switch to avoid electric shock ;

•     If the power is not connected , use a flashlight to light source , and

•     If suspect a gas leak , turn off gas, open all windows and doors and out of the house immediately

How to manage stress???

    

Stress is inevitable. It walks in and out of our lives on a regular basis. And it can easily walk all over us unless we take action. Fortunately, there are many things you can do to minimize and cope with stress. Here are 10 ideas for handling stress without causing more strain and hassle.

                               

1. Figure out where the stress is coming from. 

Oftentimes, when we’re stressed, it seems like a big mess with stressors appearing from every angle. We start to feel like we’re playing a game of dodge ball, ducking and darting so we don’t get smacked by a barrage of balls. We take a defensive position, and not a good one at that.

Instead of feeling like you’re flailing day to day, identify what you’re actually stressed about. Is it a specific project at work, an upcoming exam, a dispute with your boss, a heap of laundry, a fight with your family?

By getting specific and pinpointing the stressors in your life, you’re one step closer to getting organized and taking action.

2. Consider what you can control—and work on that.

While you can’t control what your boss does, what your in-laws say or the sour state of the economy, you can control how you react, how you accomplish work, how you spend your time and what you spend your money on.

The worst thing for stress is trying to take control over uncontrollable things. Because when you inevitably fail — since it’s beyond your control — you only get more stressed out and feel helpless. So after you’ve thought through what’s stressing you out, identify the stressors that you can control, and determine the best ways to take action.

Take the example of a work project. If the scope is stressing you out, talk it over with your supervisor or break the project down into step-wise tasks and deadlines.

Stress can be paralyzing. Doing what’s within your power moves you forward and is empowering and invigorating.

3. Do what you love. 

It’s so much easier to manage pockets of stress when the rest of your life is filled with activities you love. Even if your job is stress central, you can find one hobby or two that enrich your world. What are you passionate about? If you’re not sure, experiment with a variety of activities to find something that’s especially meaningful and fulfilling.

4. Manage your time well.

One of the biggest stressors for many people is lack of time. Their to-do list expands, while time flies. How often have you wished for more hours in the day or heard others lament their lack of time? But you’ve got more time than you think, as Laura Vanderkam writes in her aptly titled book, 168 Hours: You Have More Time Than You Think.

We all have the same 168 hours, and yet there are plenty of people who are dedicated parents and full-time employees and who get at least seven hours of sleep a night and lead fulfilling lives.

Here are Vanderkam’s seven steps to help you check off your to-do list and find time for the things you truly enjoy.

Malay Wedding Menu & Recipes - Pulut Hitam

Pulut Hitam - Black Glutinous Rice with Coconut Cream. Pulut Hitam is made from black glutinous rice sweetened with brown palm sugar. A surrey of creamy coconut milk is swirled over the Pulut Hitam before it is served.

Pulut Hitam Ingredients (serves 10)

• 250 g black glutinous rice - washed
• 50 g glutinous rice - washed
• 3 pandan leaves
• 1/3 cup sugar
• 6 - 7 cups of water for boiling glutinous rice
• 1 tsp salt
• 1/2 cup coconut cream
• 1/2 cup low fat milk
• 1/4 tsp salt Mix
• 1 tbsp corn flour
• 1 tbsp water Mix

Method

• Boil both types of glutinous rice in water with pandan leaves till cooked. Add more water if necessary.
• When rice is cooked, add sugar and cook under low heat till sugar dissolves.
• Remove pandan leaves. Add salt and corn flour mixture mixing well.
• Cook coconut cream and low fat milk with a little salt and serve separately with the bubur pulut hitam.

Penang Asam Laksa Recipe

As Penang asam laksa (spicy noodle soup from Peranakan culture, usually served with thick rice noodles) top my food craving list, I always scout for this recipe online and today I am ecstatic to find this Penang asam laksa video from YouTube which traces its origin back to trymasak.my. Since the recipe was written in Malay, I translated it into English for a wider reach.

There're two variants of laksa, namely curry laksa and asam laksa. Curry laksa (coconut-based curry soup with noodles) is more commonly known in Kuala Lumpur or Singapore whilst asam laksa (sour fish-based soup with noodles) is more popular in Penang. Between the two, I'd veer on the latter version which acquires the sour taste from tamarind (or asam in Malay) which right away aroused my taste buds bringing forth a subtle drool. Having said so, I'm going to feature this Penang asam laksa recipe from TryMasak here in no time.

                

Ingredients :

1 packet of dried laksa
500g mackerel (ikan kembung in Malay), poached and then flaked.
4 sprigs of polygonum leaves (a.k.a Vietnamese coriander, laksa leaf or daun kesum in Malay)
4 shallots, skin peeled off
1 ginger flower (bunga kantan in Malay), quartered (lengthwise)
4 slices of dried tamarind (asam jawa in Malay)
6 bird's eye chillies (cili padi in Malay)
1/2 palm sugar slice (to taste) (gula melaka in Malay)
1 tsp of fried shrimp paste (belachan goreng in Malay)
A pinch of salt (to taste)

Method :

1. Half-filled a stockpot with water. When it reaches rolling boil, pour in the dried laksa noodles (thick rice noodles) and boil until the laksa noodles soften. At this point, remove the laksa noodles and drain the dripping water on a metal sieve. Set aside. Alternatively, commercially available wet laksa can also be used, if you opt for this, then cut down your boiling time.

2. In a blender or food processor, blend shallots, bird's eye chillies, fried shrimp paste (belachan goreng) with some water added in until it reaches a homogenous paste. Then pour this mixture into a stockpot and top it up with water until the pot is half-filled. Heat up the pot and stir the soup well. Then add in polygonum leaves (a.k.a. laksa leaf), ginger flowers (which is cut into 4, lengthwise) and dried tamarind slices.

3. Now back to the blender or food processor. Add in the poached and flaked mackerel (with fishbone discarded), blend until fine. Then add this blended fish paste into the stockpot followed by palm sugar. Stir constantly until the mixture is homogenous and boil. Reduced the flames and let it boils for another 15 minutes. Add some salt to taste.

4. The laksa is now ready to serve. Place the laksa noodles in a bowl, topped with cucumber strips, some fresh greens, polygonum and some chopped bird's eye chillies. You can also add half of the hard-boiled egg for a more substantial noodle soup if you fancy. Then topped with thick sweet shrimp paste (also known as petis udang in Malay or ?? in Chinese), mint, pineapple slices and thinly sliced onion. Well, it really goes with the rhythm of your desire.
 

Quran, Islam & human

What is Quran?

The Final Revealed Scripture:

Qur’an is the word of God, directly revealed to the last Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him) during 23 years of his Apostolic mission [610-632 C.E]. It was instantly preserved by putting in to writing and memorization by his companions. God says:

“Surely this is a Glorious Qur’an, inscribed on an Imperishable Tablet.”(Qur’an;85:21-22). 

God has taken responsibility to guard it against corruption:

“Surely We have revealed the reminder (Qur’an) and We will most certainly guard it (from corruption).”(Qur’an;15:9).

Preservation:

During all ages, millions of Muslim of all age groups memorize Qur’an comprising over 6000 verses; a unique distinction which makes Qur’an, the only book in human history to have been continuously preserved through this method along with the written form. No other scripture or book can rival this claim. Hence, since its revelation the Qur’an is being transferred in its original revealed form, continuously (twatar) from generation to generation.

Revealed in Arabic Language and Translations:

The Qur’an was revealed in Arabic, the language of Prophet, peace be upon him (and his clan Quraish of Makka). The translation (Tarjama) of the Qur’an means the expression of the meaning of its text in a language different from the language of the Qur’an, for understanding by those not familiar with Qur’anic Arabic. It is customary to quote the original Arabic Qur’anic text (ayah, verses) along with the translation, however this require special handling due to reverence of the sacred text, hence in this book for the convenience of handling by all categories of the readers, only the translation is given, which should also be handled with due respect. It is more appropriate for the reader to also consult the original Arabic Qur’an. The English translations by Abdullah Yousaf Ali, M.Pickthall, Muhammad Asad and F.Malik are popular. There is agreement among Muslim scholars that it is humanly impossible to transfer the meanings of original Qur’an word by word in an identical mode into another language. This is due to several reasons: firstly the Qur’an itself is a miracle and cannot be imitated by man. As a consequence of this, the translation of Qur’an is not considered as Qur’an.

 The translations of the Qur’an; e.g. into English, French, German and Urdu, etc, in principle are regarded as paraphrases. These translations can not be used in place of original Arabic Qur’an for ritual purposes. Secondly the words of different languages do not express all the shades of meanings of their original Arabic word, though they may express specific concepts. Hence narrowing down the meaning of the Qur’an to specific concepts in a foreign language would mean missing out other important dimensions. While reading the translations of Qur’an these aspects must always be kept in view.

The example of verse: “wa- huwa ‘alladhe khalaqa as- samaawaat wa- al- ‘ard. fe sittah ayyaam..” (Qur’an;11:7) is considered here.

The word ayyaam in Arabic means; days or ‘long periods’ or ‘eons’ or ‘epoch’. The four translations being given here differ in their understanding:

“And it is He who has created the heavens and the earth in six eons” (M.Asad); “He is the One Who created the heavens and the earth in six periods” (F.Malik)

“And He it is Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days” (Pickthall); “He it is Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days” (Yousaf Ali).

The translation of ayyaam as ‘eons’ appears more scientific and accurate. Hence if some contradictions appear, it is due to the limitations of translation, not of Qur’an.

Reference Method:

The Qur’an comprises 114 chapters, called Surahs, of very unequal length and each Surah comprises number of verses. The translation of references from Qur’an are mostly given within brackets   “xyz” followed by reference of Surah and Ayah in bracket i.e: “Praise be to Allah the Cherisher and Sustainer of the Worlds.”(Qura’n;1:2). It implies that the translation is from Surah (chapter) Number 1 and verse number 2 of the same Surah.

Names of Chapters:

The names of Chapters (Surahs) can be found from the index. In this case the name of Surah Number 1 as given in Surah Index is Al-Fatiha meaning ‘The Opening’. The names of Chapters (Surahs) in Qur’an, in most of the cases have no special relation to the subject of the Surah but has been used merely as a symbol to distinguish it from other Surahs. The  name comprise of a word used some where in the Surah. Taking example of 2nd Surah AL-BAQARAH (the Cow), which has been so named from the story of the Cow occurring in this Surah (verse number 67-73). Although this Surah is an invitation to the Divine Guidance and all the stories, incidents etc. revolve round this central theme. As this Surah has particularly been addressed to the Jews, many historical events have been cited from their own traditions to admonish and advise them that their own good lies in accepting the Guidance revealed to the Holy Prophet. It has not, however, been used as a title to indicate the subject of the Surah. 

 It will, therefore, be as wrong to translate the name Al-Baqarah into “The Cow” or “The Heifer” as to translate any English name, say Baker, Rice, Wolf etc., into their equivalents in other languages or vice versa, because this would imply that the Surah dealt with the subject of “The Cow”. Many more chapters (Surahs) of the Qur’an have been named in the same way because no comprehensive words exist in Arabic (in spite of its richness) to denote the wide scope of the subject discussed in them. As a matter of fact all human languages suffer from the same limitation. However in some cases the name of Chapters (Surahs) indicate the subject matter i.e. the first Surah Al-Fatihah, which means ‘that which opens a subject or a book or any other thing’ or in other words, Al-Fatihah is a sort of ‘Preface’. Similarly Surah ‘Al Yousaf’ (Joseph) Surah number 12, is related with the story of Prophet Joseph (PBHH).

'Quran Pedia' aims to assist the reader in learning and understanding of the message of Quran.

" SHARIAH "

1. MEANING OF SHARIAH

The word “Shariah” literally means a waterway that leads to a main stream, a drinking place, and a road or the right path. From this meaning, the word Shariah was used to refer to a path or a passage that leads to an intended place, or to a certain goal.

Karim (2005), elaborate further on Sharia whereby Sharia is an Arabic word that literally means “the road to take or the line to follow.” Sheikh Syalthut (1959) p.68, defines the terminology of Sharia as a set of divinely pre-sanctioned lost and rulings, or prescribed principles which Muslim should abide themselves so they can relate to Allah as well as other human beings

Although the word Shariah and its different derivative forms are mentioned in five places in the Qur’an, its extensive use only came into vogue much later, for the words Islam and deen (religion) were more commonly used to express the same meaning in the early days of Islam.

2. SOURCES OF SHARIAH

           

It is important to note that al-Shariah or The Commandments of Allah are from Holy Quran and Sunnah which are considered to be the most important Primary Sources. Sunnah which is also commonly referred to hadith is consisting of all sayings, deeds, and approvals of Prophet Muhamaad (peace be upon him).

The Holy Quran which is the Last Testament from Allah consisting of 6235 verses which are divided into 114 Chapter or Suras. Out of 6235 verses 350 verses are relating to rules or laws and further being divided into the following:

              1. Verses Relating to Ibadat                  = 140

              2. Verses Relating to Munakahat        = 70

              3. Verses Relating to Mu’amalat         = 70

              4. Verses Relating to Other Matters   =70

The Second Secondary Sources of Shariah consisting of (1) Ijitma (unanimous agreement among Islamic Jurist), (2) Qiyas (analogical deduction), (3) Istihsan (equity of Islamic Law), (4) Maslahah (consideration of public interest), (5) ‘Urf (customs) and lastly (6), Itisahab. (presumption of continuity).

3. CLASSIFICATION OF SHARIAH

ome scholars divided Shariah into two namely (1) Shariah Kubra and (2) Shariah Sugra. They refer Shariah Sugra to Faqh only or Islamic Laws, and Shariah Kubra refers to Allah Commandments in all aspect of life which include fiqh as well.[1]

Since Faqh is already included in Shariah Kubra, all my discussion in this book, the term Shariah is used as Shariah Kubra. This is to avoid confusion and maintaining consistency in understanding and discussion.

Shariah, conceptually, refers to a set of rules, regulations, teachings, and values governing the lives of Muslims. However, these rules and regulations, contrary to how they are often described by many non-Muslims, cover every aspect of life. Shariah embraces worship, morals, individual attitude and conduct, as well as the political, social, economic, criminal, and civil spheres.   The Shariah, therefore, is a path – set by Allah for those who accept Him – to follow, in order to attain success both in the worldly life and in the hereafter. In short Shariah is a commandment of Allah.

Many commonly understand “Shariah” in a very narrow scope which is confined to Islamic Law relating to “Munakahat” and “hudud”.  They are happy if “Munakahat” or Islamic Family Laws are being implemented. On the other hand being ignorant some quarters of Muslim are pushing only “hudud” which is only a subset of Criminal Laws to be implemented. Other aspect of Shariah which include Aqaidah, Akhlak  Faqh Ibadat, Faqh Mu’amalat and Faqh Jinayat are being side line or not giving emphasis.

As further illustrated in Mappicx Chart 2, we can see that “Munakahat” or Islamic Family Laws is one of “Faqh” and “Faqh” is one of three Classifications of “Shariah”.

“Hudud” is the penal laws of Islam. This word is the plural of “hadd”, which means prevention, hindrance, restraint, prohibition, and hence a restrictive ordinance or statute of God, respecting things lawful and unlawful. Thus hudud is part of “Jinayaat” or Islamic Criminal laws which is one of the three Classifications of “Shariah”[2].

In legal terms Shariah takes on the meaning of laws or commandments relating to all aspects of human life established by God [Allah] for mankind.

At this initial of understanding I would like to define Shariah as:

Shariah as “The Commandments of God [Allah] derived from the primary sources of Holy Quran and Sunnah, for all human activities which include Aqidah (Belief), Akhlak (Human Behaviours, Attitudes and Ethics), and Fiqh (Ibadat – Rules of Worshipping; Munakahat -Family Laws; Mu’amalat- Trade and Commercial laws; and Jinayat – Criminal Laws)”

 4. MAQASID AL SHARIAH

Maqasid is an Arabic word [singular maqsid] which carries the meaning of goals or purposes and when it refers to Shariah [Maqasid Al Sharia] it specifically means the goals and purposes of Shariah. There are three other Arabic words that are found in the relevant literatures of usul al-fiqh that convey similar meaning as maqasid. These words are hikmah [wisdom], ‘illah [effective cause] and maslahah [interest or benefits].

The approach to Maqasid was not given special attention even many of the reputable text of usul al-fiqh do not even have a section or chapter to the study of maqasid, until al-Shatibi [1388] gave Maqasid al-Shariah a special emphasis.

Most Muslim scholars are of the opinion that the ultimate objectives [maqasid al-Sariah] which are a necessity [al-daruriyyah] for mankind to be able to live peacefully in this world, according to al-Quran and al-Sunnah, include five main areas – [1] Protection of life, [2] Protection of al-Din [Islam], [3] Protection of Progeny or Offspring, [4] Protection of Intellect or Faculty of Reason, and, lastly, [5] Protection of Material Wealth or Resources. From a review of the related literature, little is mentioned or discussed about how Maqasid al-Shariah may be applied in today management towards achieving these ultimate objectives or maqasid al-Shariah.

Here in this paper we are not going to discuss the order of importance or priority to these five objectives of Shariah, or Maqasid al-shariah. But I share the view of Gamal Eldin Attia (2010) that we have to acknowledge the arrangement posed by al-Ghazali *(505 HA/1111 AC), which became most widely acceptable thereafter, notably in the following order of priority:

1.      Protection of al-Din (Islam)

2.      Protection of Life

3.      Protection of Intellect or Faculty of Reason

4.      Protection of Progeny or Offspring

5.      Protection of Material Wealth